DCC1000 User Guide: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 18:22, 21 April 2020

Part 1: Setup

Welcome to the DCC1000 user guide! In order to get started, make sure you have the following hardware on hand:

DCC1000 DC Motor Phidget
VINT Hub
Phidget cable
USB cable and computer
Power supply (8-30V DC)
DC motor

Next, you will need to connect the pieces:

Connect the DCC1000 to the VINT Hub using the Phidget cable.
Connect the motor to the Phidget's output terminals.
Connect the VINT Hub to your computer with a USB cable.
(Optional) If your motor has an encoder, connect it to the encoder port on the DCC1000.
Connect the power supply to the power terminals.

Now that you have everything together, let's start using the DCC1000!

Phidget Control Panel

In order to demonstrate the functionality of the DCC1000, the Phidget Control Panel running on a Windows machine will be used.

The Phidget Control Panel is available for use on both macOS and Windows machines.

Windows

To open the Phidget Control Panel on Windows, find the icon in the taskbar. If it is not there, open up the start menu and search for Phidget Control Panel

macOS

To open the Phidget Control Panel on macOS, open Finder and navigate to the Phidget Control Panel in the Applications list. Double click on the icon to bring up the Phidget Control Panel.

For more information, take a look at the getting started guide for your operating system:

Linux users can follow the getting started with Linux guide and continue reading here for more information about the DCC1000.

First Look

After plugging the DCC1000 into your computer and opening the Phidget Control Panel, you will see something like this:

The Phidget Control Panel will list all connected Phidgets and associated objects, as well as the following information:

Serial number: allows you to differentiate between similar Phidgets.
Channel: allows you to differentiate between similar objects on a Phidget.
Version number: corresponds to the firmware version your Phidget is running. If your Phidget is listed in red, your firmware is out of date. Update the firmware by double-clicking the entry.

The Phidget Control Panel can also be used to test your device. Double-clicking on an object will open an example.

Part 2: Using Your Phidget

About

The DCC1000 allows you to control a DC motor or DC linear actuator. With this Phidget, you can control your motor by:

Setting the velocity and acceleration with the DC Motor Controller
Setting a specific target position using the Motor Position Controller (requires an encoder)

You can use the DCC1000 to monitor current passing through the motor, connect and monitor the motor’s potentiometer, and monitor the temperature of the motor.

Explore Your Phidget Channels Using the Control Panel

You can use your Control Panel to explore your Phidget's channels.

1. Open your Control Panel, and you will find the following channels:

2. Double click on a channel to open an example program. Each channel belongs to one of these channel classes:

Expand All

DCMotor:Controls the velocity and current of the motor, and the on-board fan

In your Control Panel, double click on "DC Motor Controller":

File:DCC1000-test-DCMotor.jpg

Position Controller:A built-in PID position controller

In your Control Panel, double click on "Position Controller":

File:DCC1000-test-MPC.jpg

Encoder Input:Reads encoder input so you can implement closed-loop control of the motor

In your Control Panel, double click on "Encoder Input":

File:DCC1000-test-Enc.jpg

Current Sensor:Measures the amount of current flowing through the motor's coils

In your Control Panel, double click on "Current Sensor":

File:DCC1000-test-Cur.jpg

Voltage Ratio:Measures the "Analog In" port (Intended for feedback potentiometers that some motors have)

In your Control Panel, double click on "Voltage Ratio":

File:DCC1000-test-Voltageratio.jpg

Temperature Sensor:Measures the board temperature so you can tell if the DCC1000 is overheating

In your Control Panel, double click on "Temperature Sensor":

File:DCC1000-test-Temp.jpg

Part 3: Create your Program

1. Setting up your Programming Environment

2. Phidget Programming Basics

Part 4: Advanced Topics and Troubleshooting

Expand All

PositionController Settings

There are a number of settings that can be adjusted to customize the position controller. You can save these variables into the program so you don't have to re-enter them manually (NOTE: This does not store the settings on the DCC1000, it simply saves them inside the control panel program, so you'll have to re-enter them if it's used on another computer).

Kp, Ki, and Kd

You can set the control parameters Kp, Ki, and Kd in order to change the behavior of the control loop. For more information on how each of these three tuning parameters affect the control loop, see “Control Loop Parameters ”.

Velocity and Acceleration

Velocity is how fast the motor will move to the target position, and acceleration controls how quickly the motor will reach its velocity and how quickly it will slow down. These values are measured in position per second and position per second squared, and position by default is measured in encoder pulses.

Rescale Factor

If you want position to be measured in another unit (degrees, for example), you can set the rescale factor. For more information on choosing the correct rescale factor, see “Setting the Rescale Factor”.

Deadband

Sometimes the motor will oscillate back and forth across the target position when holding position. Adding a deadband will widen the target position so the motor will stop when it gets within the target position plus or minus the deadband.

Current Limit

Setting the current limit gives you control over how much power is being supplied to the motor. Generally, we advise that you set the current limit to your motor’s specified coil current.

Fan Mode

This turns the cooling fan on and off. Setting it to auto will result in the fan turning on only when the temperature sensor detects rising board temperatures.

Encoder IO Mode

Changes between different encoder modes based on your encoder’s circuitry. For more information see the Encoder Primer.

Current Regulator Gain

Depending on power supply voltage and motor coil inductance, the current through the motor can change relatively slowly or extremely rapidly. A physically larger DC Motor will typically have a lower inductance, requiring a higher current regulator gain. A higher power supply voltage will result in motor current changing more rapidly, requiring a higher current regulator gain. If the current regulator gain is too small, spikes in current will occur, causing large variations in torque, and possibly damaging the motor controller. If the current regulator gain is too high, the current will jitter, causing the motor to sound 'rough', especially when changing directions.

Control Loop Parameters

In order to get the desired behavior from your controller, you will have to tune your control parameters. This video explains the tuning procedure and gives information on how the controller works.

Interfacing Encoders

The DCC1000 can connect to any of the encoders we sell without any modification just by setting the EncoderIOMode property to Push-Pull . If you're trying to use your own encoder, you may need to change the IO mode to Open Collector or Line Driver mode. Have a look at the Encoder Primer for more details on what to use.

Setting the Rescale Factor

There are three pieces of information to consider when setting a rescale factor to change your units into degrees or rotations:

Your encoder's CPR (counts per rotation)
Your encoder interface's resolution
Your motor's gear ratio

First, check your encoder's datasheet for the CPR. It's usually 360 or 300. This is the number of quadrature cycles the encoder will send out for one full rotation.

Next, you need your encoder interface's resolution. The encoder port on the DCC1000 has a x4 resolution, meaning it reads in 4 pulses per quadrature cycle (see the Encoder Primer for a more in-depth explanation).

Next, you need to find out the gear ratio in your motor's datasheet. Note: If you plan on having your motor run for many rotations in a row, try to find the exact gear ratio, expressed as a fraction. Using the rounded value will result in accumulating errors the more you rotate.

Once you have these numbers, you can calculate the rescale factor:

For example, if you wanted to have your motor's position measured in degrees and your encoder had 300 CPR and your motor had a 50 801⁄895 : 1 gearbox, you would set your rescale factor to 360 / 300*4*(50+(801/895)), or 0.005894.

Setting the Change Trigger and Data Interval

The Change Trigger is the minimum change in the sensor data needed to trigger a new data event.

The Data Interval is the time (in ms) between data events sent out from your Phidget.

The Data Rate is the reciprocal of Data Interval (measured in Hz), and setting it will set the reciprocal value for Data Interval and vice-versa.

You can modify one or both of these values to achieve different data outputs. You can learn more about these properties here.

My motor moves away from the target position in Position Controller mode!

Reverse your motor’s wires. The control loop has to make an assumption about what direction your motor moves with a positive voltage, and in this case, the assumption was incorrect. Don’t worry, DC motors are fine being wired up backward since they’re essentially just a long loop of wire on the inside.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOINDEX__
+__NOTOC__
 <metadesc>Control one high-current brushed DC motor with the DC Motor Phidget. The encoder input and analog input provides precise position control.</metadesc>
 [[Category:UserGuide]]
-==Getting Started==
+==Part 1: Setup==
 {{UGIntro|DCC1000}}
 * [{{SERVER}}/products.php?product_id=DCC1000 DCC1000 DC Motor Phidget]
@@ Line 13: / Line 14: @@
 Next, you will need to connect the pieces:
 [[Image:DCC1000_Functional.jpeg|500px|right|link=]]
 # Connect the DCC1000 to the VINT Hub using the Phidget cable.
@@ Line 22: / Line 24: @@
 <br clear="all">
 Now that you have everything together, let's start using the DCC1000!
+{{UGcontrolpanel|DCC1000}}
+== Part 2: Using Your Phidget ==
+===About===
+The DCC1000 allows you to control a DC motor or DC linear actuator.
+With this Phidget, you can control your motor by:
+* Setting the velocity and acceleration with the DC Motor Controller
+* Setting a specific target position using the Motor Position Controller (requires an encoder)
+You can use the DCC1000 to monitor current passing through the motor, connect and monitor the motor’s potentiometer, and monitor the temperature of the motor.
+===Explore Your Phidget Channels Using the Control Panel===
+You can use your Control Panel to explore your Phidget's channels.
+'''1.''' Open your Control Panel, and you will find the following channels:
+[[Image:DCC1000_Panel.jpg|link=|center]]
+'''2.''' Double click on a channel to open an example program. Each channel belongs to one of these channel classes:
+{{UGC-Start}}
+{{UGC-Entry|DCMotor:|Controls the velocity and current of the motor, and the on-board fan|
+In your Control Panel, double click on "DC Motor Controller":
+[[Image:DCC1000-test-DCMotor.jpg|850px|center|link=]]}}
+{{UGC-Entry|Position Controller:|A built-in PID position controller|
+In your Control Panel, double click on "Position Controller":
+[[Image:DCC1000-test-MPC.jpg|850px|center|link=]]}}
+{{UGC-Entry|Encoder Input:|Reads encoder input so you can implement closed-loop control of the motor|
+In your Control Panel, double click on "Encoder Input":
+[[Image:DCC1000-test-Enc.jpg|850px|center|link=]]}}
+{{UGC-Entry|Current Sensor:|Measures the amount of current flowing through the motor's coils|
+In your Control Panel, double click on "Current Sensor":
+[[Image:DCC1000-test-Cur.jpg|center|link=]]}}
+{{UGC-Entry|Voltage Ratio:|Measures the "Analog In" port (Intended for feedback potentiometers that some motors have)|
+In your Control Panel, double click on "Voltage Ratio":
+[[Image:DCC1000-test-Voltageratio.jpg|800px|center|link=]]}}
+{{UGC-Entry|Temperature Sensor:|Measures the board temperature so you can tell if the DCC1000 is overheating|
+In your Control Panel, double click on "Temperature Sensor":
+[[Image:DCC1000-test-Temp.jpg|center|link=]]}}
+{{UGC-End}}
-==Using the DCC1000==
+{{UG-Part3}}
-{{UGcontrolpanel|DCC1000}}
+== Part 4: Advanced Topics and Troubleshooting ==
+{{UGC-Start}}
+{{UGC-Entry|PositionController Settings||
+There are a number of settings that can be adjusted to customize the position controller. You can save these variables into the program so you don't have to re-enter them manually (NOTE: This does not store the settings on the DCC1000, it simply saves them inside the control panel program, so you'll have to re-enter them if it's used on another computer).
+===Kp, Ki, and Kd===
+You can set the control parameters Kp, Ki, and Kd in order to change the behavior of the control loop. For more information on how each of these three tuning parameters affect the control loop, see “Control Loop Parameters ”.
+===Velocity and Acceleration===
+Velocity is how fast the motor will move to the target position, and acceleration controls how quickly the motor will reach its velocity and how quickly it will slow down. These values are measured in position per second and position per second squared, and position by default is measured in encoder pulses.
+===Rescale Factor===
+If you want position to be measured in another unit (degrees, for example), you can set the rescale factor. For more information on choosing the correct rescale factor, see “Setting the Rescale Factor”.
-The objects associated with the DCC1000 are as follows:
+===Deadband===
-* '''Current Sensor''': Measures the amount of current flowing through the motor's coils.
+Sometimes the motor will oscillate back and forth across the target position when holding position. Adding a deadband will widen the target position so the motor will stop when it gets within the target position plus or minus the deadband.
-* '''DC Motor Controller''': Controls the velocity and current of the motor, and the on-board fan.
-* '''Encoder Input''': Reads encoder input so you can implement closed-loop control of the motor.
-* '''Position Controller''': A built-in position controller.
-* '''Temperature Sensor''': Measures the temperature of the DCC1000 so you can tell if it's overheating.
-* '''Voltage Ratio''': Measures the sensor input of the "Analog In" port of the DCC1000. Intended for use with feedback potentiometers that some motors and actuators are equipped with.
-{{ugDCMotor2|DCC1000|DC Motor Phidget}}
+===Current Limit===
-{{ugCurrentInput|DCC1000|Current Sensor}}
+Setting the current limit gives you control over how much power is being supplied to the motor. Generally, we advise that you set the current limit to your motor’s specified coil current.
-{{ugEncoder|DCC1000|Encoder Input}}
-* Modify the change trigger and/or data interval value by dragging the sliders. For more information on these settings, see the [[Data_Rate_and_Change_Trigger|data interval/change trigger]] page.
-* Modify the ''IO Mode'' with the drop-down menu. For more information on ''IO Mode'', see the [[#Interfacing Encoders|technical section]].
-{{ugPositionController|DCC1000||}}
-{{ugTemperatureSensorIC|DCC1000|, labelled ''Temperature Sensor'', |}}
-{{ugVoltageRatioSensor|DCC1000|Voltage Ratio}}
-{{ugAddressingInformation}}
+===Fan Mode===
+This turns the cooling fan on and off. Setting it to auto will result in the fan turning on only when the temperature sensor detects rising board temperatures.
-{{ugUsingYourOwnProgram|DCC1000}}
+===Encoder IO Mode===
+Changes between different encoder modes based on your encoder’s circuitry. For more information see the [[Encoder_Primer#Output_Circuit|Encoder Primer]].
-==Technical Details==
+===Current Regulator Gain===
+Depending on power supply voltage and motor coil inductance, the current through the motor can change relatively slowly or extremely rapidly. A physically larger DC Motor will typically have a lower inductance, requiring a higher current regulator gain. A higher power supply voltage will result in motor current changing more rapidly, requiring a higher current regulator gain. If the current regulator gain is too small, spikes in current will occur, causing large variations in torque, and possibly damaging the motor controller. If the current regulator gain is too high, the current will jitter, causing the motor to sound 'rough', especially when changing directions.
+}}
-===Control Loop Parameters===
+{{UGC-Entry|Control Loop Parameters||
 In order to get the desired behavior from your controller, you will have to tune your control parameters. This video explains the tuning procedure and gives information on how the controller works.
-<center>{{#ev:youtube|zI0DJgnzSUw|||||rel=0}}</center>
+{{#ev:youtube|zI0DJgnzSUw|||||rel=0}}
+}}
+{{UGC-Entry|Interfacing Encoders||
+The DCC1000 can connect to any of the encoders we sell without any modification just by setting the ''EncoderIOMode'' property to ''Push-Pull'' . If you're trying to use your own encoder, you may need to change the IO mode to ''Open Collector'' or ''Line Driver'' mode. Have a look at the [[Encoder_Primer#Output_Circuit|Encoder Primer]] for more details on what to use.
+}}
+{{UGC-Entry|Setting the Rescale Factor||
+There are three pieces of information to consider when setting a rescale factor to change your units into degrees or rotations:
+* Your encoder's CPR (counts per rotation)
+* Your encoder interface's resolution
+* Your motor's gear ratio
+First, check your encoder's datasheet for the CPR. It's usually 360 or 300. This is the number of quadrature cycles the encoder will send out for one full rotation.
+Next, you need your encoder interface's resolution. The encoder port on the DCC1000 has a x4 resolution, meaning it reads in 4 pulses per quadrature cycle (see the [[Encoder_Primer#Quadrature_Encoding|Encoder Primer]] for a more in-depth explanation).
-=== Current Regulator Gain ===
+Next, you need to find out the gear ratio in your motor's datasheet.
+'''Note:''' If you plan on having your motor run for many rotations in a row, try to find the exact gear ratio, expressed as a fraction. Using the rounded value will result in accumulating errors the more you rotate.
-Depending on power supply voltage and motor coil inductance, current through the motor can change relatively slowly or extremely rapidly. A physically larger DC Motor will typically have a lower inductance, requiring a higher current regulator gain. A higher power supply voltage will result in motor current changing more rapidly, requiring a higher current regulator gain. If the current regulator gain is too small, spikes in current will occur, causing large variations in torque, and possibly damaging the motor controller. If the current regulator gain is too high, the current will jitter, causing the motor to sound 'rough', especially when changing directions.
+Once you have these numbers, you can calculate the rescale factor:
-=== Interfacing Encoders ===
+[[Image:DCC1000-equations.jpg|link=]]
+For example, if you wanted to have your motor's position measured in degrees and your encoder had 300 CPR and your motor had a 50 801⁄895 : 1 gearbox, you would set your rescale factor to 360 / 300*4*(50+(801/895)), or  0.005894.
-The DCC1000 can connect to any of the [{{SERVER}}/?tier=1&catid=4&pcid=2 encoders] we sell without any modification just by setting the ''EncoderIOMode'' property to ''Push-Pull'' . If you're trying to use your own encoder, you may need to change the IO mode to ''Open Collector'' or ''Line Driver'' mode. Have a look at the [[Encoder_Primer#Output_Circuit|Encoder Primer]] for more details on what to use.
+}}
-=== Further Reading ===
+{{UGC-DataInterval}}
-For more information, have a look at the [[DC Motor and Controller Primer]].
+{{UGC-Entry|My motor moves away from the target position in Position Controller mode!||
+Reverse your motor’s wires. The control loop has to make an assumption about what direction your motor moves with a positive voltage, and in this case, the assumption was incorrect. Don’t worry, DC motors are fine being wired up backward since they’re essentially just a long loop of wire on the inside.
+}}
-{{UGnext|}}
+{{UGC-End}}

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