Language - Objective C: Difference between revisions

From Phidgets Support
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==== Step One: Initialize and Open ====
==== Step One: Initialize and Open ====
You will need to declare your Phidget variable in your code. For example, we can declare a Phidget Digital Output like this:
You will need to declare your Phidget variable in your code. For example, we can declare a Phidget Digital Output like this:
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
PhidgetDigitalInput ch;
PhidgetDigitalInput ch;
Line 141: Line 140:


The object name for any Phidget is listed in the {{Phidget22API}} manual. Every type of Phidget also inherits functionality from the Phidget base class.
The object name for any Phidget is listed in the {{Phidget22API}} manual. Every type of Phidget also inherits functionality from the Phidget base class.


Next, the Phidget object needs to be initialized and opened.
Next, the Phidget object needs to be initialized and opened.
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
PhidgetDigitalInput_create(&ch);
PhidgetDigitalInput_create(&ch);
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==== Step Two: Wait for attachment of the Phidget ====
==== Step Two: Wait for attachment of the Phidget ====
Simply calling open does not guarantee you can use the Phidget immediately. To use a Phidget, it must be plugged in (attached). We can handle this by using event driven programming and tracking the attach events and detach events. Alternatively, we can call the following function:
Simply calling open does not guarantee you can use the Phidget immediately. To use a Phidget, it must be plugged in (attached). We can handle this by using event driven programming and tracking the attach events and detach events. Alternatively, we can call the following function:
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
PhidgetDigitalInput_create(&ch);
Phidget_openWaitForAttachment(ch, 5000); //wait for attach for 5 seconds, if not time out
Phidget_openWaitForAttachment(ch, 5000); //wait for attach for 5 seconds, if not time out
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
Line 158: Line 157:
Waiting for attachment will block indefinitely until a connection is made, or until the timeout value is exceeded.
Waiting for attachment will block indefinitely until a connection is made, or until the timeout value is exceeded.


To use events to handle attachments, we need to first declare the function that will be called when an attach event is fired - in this case the function gotAttach will be called.


To use events to handle attachments, we have to modify our code slightly:
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
PhidgetDigitalInput_create(&ch);
Phidget_setOnAttachHandler((PhidgetHandle)ch,gotAttach,(__bridge void*)self);
Phidget_open((PhidgetHandle)ch);
</syntaxhighlight>
Next, we have to declare the function that will be called when an attach event is fired - in this case the function gotAttach will be called:
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
static void gotAttach(PhidgetHandle phid, void *context){
static void gotAttach(PhidgetHandle phid, void *context){
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                                         waitUntilDone:NO];
                                         waitUntilDone:NO];
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
Next, we have to modify our code to emulate the following:
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
PhidgetDigitalInput_create(&ch);
Phidget_setOnAttachHandler((PhidgetHandle)ch,gotAttach,(__bridge void*)self);
Phidget_open((PhidgetHandle)ch);
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


==== Step Three: Do things with the Phidget ====
==== Step Three: Do things with the Phidget ====
We recommend the use of event driven programming when working with Phidgets. In a similar way to handling an attach event as described above, we can add an event handler with the following code:
We recommend the use of event driven programming when working with Phidgets. In a similar way to handling an attach event as described above, we can add an event handler with the following code:
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
PhidgetDigitalInput_setOnStateChangeHandler(ch, gotStateChange, (__bridge void*)self);
PhidgetDigitalInput_setOnStateChangeHandler(ch, gotStateChange, (__bridge void*)self);
Line 184: Line 181:


This code will connect a function and an event. In this case, the gotStateChange function will be called when there has been a change to the devices input. Next, we need to create the gotStateChange function.
This code will connect a function and an event. In this case, the gotStateChange function will be called when there has been a change to the devices input. Next, we need to create the gotStateChange function.
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
void gotStateChange(PhidgetDigitalInputHandle phid, void *context, int state){
void gotStateChange(PhidgetDigitalInputHandle phid, void *context, int state){
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}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
Above, the onStateChangeHandler method is invoked on the main thread. Event data is stored as an NSNumber.
Above, the onStateChangeHandler method is invoked on the main thread. Event data is stored as an NSNumber.


The method onStateChangeHandler is defined as follows:
The method onStateChangeHandler is defined as follows:
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
- (void)onStateChangeHandler:(NSNumber *)state{
- (void)onStateChangeHandler:(NSNumber *)state{
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}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
The example shown above simply changes the text of a UITextField to display whether the input is true or false.
The example shown above simply changes the text of a UITextField to display whether the input is true or false.


Some events such as the attach or detach events belong to the base Phidget object and are thus common to all Phidgets. Please refer to the {{Phidget22API}} manual and the Objective-C examples for a list of events and their usage.


If events do not suit your needs, you can also poll the device directly for data using code like this:
If events do not suit your needs, you can also poll the device directly for data using code like this:
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
int state;
int state;
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stateTextField.stringValue = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", state ? @"True" : @"False"];
stateTextField.stringValue = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", state ? @"True" : @"False"];
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
Polling code can be used inside a polling loop as an alternative to event driven programming.


==== Step Four: Close and Delete ====
==== Step Four: Close and Delete ====
At the end of your program, don't forget to close your device.
At the end of your program, don't forget to close your device.
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
<syntaxhighlight lang="objc">
Phidget_close((PhidgetHandle)ch);
Phidget_close((PhidgetHandle)ch);

Revision as of 20:31, 9 June 2017

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Documentation

Example Code

Libraries and Drivers

Getting Started with Objective-C

Welcome to using Phidgets with Objective-C! By using Objective-C, you will have access to the complete Phidget22 API, including events. We also provide example code in Objective-C for all Phidget devices.

If you are developing for macOS, keep reading. If you are developing for iOS, jump ahead here.

macOS

If you haven't already, please visit the macOS page before you continue reading. There you will be instructed on how to properly set up your macOS machine so you can follow the guides below!

Xcode

Use our examples

One of the best ways to start programming with Phidgets is to use our example code as a guide. In order to run the examples for macOS you will need to download Xcode from the Mac App Store.


Next, select an example that will work with your Phidget:


Start the example by pressing the Run button:

Macos RunExample.png


The application will attach to the Phidget and show you some basic information. Here is an example of a Digital Output channel on a RFID Phidget:

Macos DigitalOutputExample.png


You should now have the example up and running for your device. Play around with the device and experiment with some of the functionality. When you are ready, the next step is configuring your project and writing your own code!

Configure your project

When you are building a project from scratch, or adding Phidget functionality to an existing project, you'll need to configure your development environment to properly link the Phidget iOS library. To begin:


Create a new Xcode project:

Cocoa CreateProject.png


Next, select a macOS Cocoa application:

Cocoa Application.png


Name that project:

Cocoa NameProject.png


Navigate to your target's Build Settings and find the Framework Search Path setting:

Macos frameworksearch.png


Add a reference to /Library/Frameworks where the Phidget22 framework is installed:

Macos frameworkpath.png


Next, navigate to the Linked Frameworks and Libraries setting under General and add a reference to the Phidget22 framework which is installed to /Library/Frameworks:

Macos linkframework.png


Finally, navigate to your header file and add a reference to phidget22.h

#import <Phidget22/phidget22.h>


Success! Your project now has access to Phidgets. Next, view the write your own code section located below.

iOS

If you haven't already, please visit the iOS page before you continue reading. There you will be instructed on how to properly set up your development machine so you can follow the guides below!

Xcode

Use our examples

One of the best ways to start programming with Phidgets is to use our example code as a guide. In order to run the examples for iOS you will need to download Xcode from the Mac App Store.


Now that you have Xcode installed, the Objective-C example:


You have previously downloaded the Phidget iOS libraries on the iOS page, but here they are again, just in case:


Next, unpack the Objective-C example and navigate to Phidget.xcodeproj. Open the file in Xcode:

Objectivec open.png


With Phidgets as your target, navigate to Build Settings and find the Header Search Paths setting:

Ios header.png


The header file phidget22.h was included in the Phidget iOS libraries download. Add a reference to the folder that contains phidget22.h under the Header Search Paths setting:

Ios header path.png


Next, find the Other Linker Flags setting:

Ios linker.png


Add a reference to the Phidget libraries that were included in the Phidget iOS libraries download:

Ios linker path.png


Now that the library files are linked, simply select the type of device you would like the application to run on and press play:

Ios simulator.png


The application will detect any servers that are currently online and have Phidgets connected. Here is an example output:

Ios PhidgetApp MainScreen.png


After confirming that the Phidgets Example is working, you can proceed to run the example for your specific device. Do this by selecting your server and then continue to navigate through the hierarchy until you reach your device. After tapping your device, the example will show automatically. Currently, we have example programs for the following classes:

  • DigitalInput
  • DigitalOutput
  • VoltageInput
  • VoltageRatioInput


Here is an example of what the VoltageInput example looks like:

Ios example run.png


You should now have the example up and running for your device. Play around with the device and experiment with some of the functionality. When you are ready, the next step is configuring your project and writing your own code!

Configure your project

Whether you are building a project from scratch, or adding Phidget functionality to an existing project, you will need to configure your development environment to properly link the Phidget library. To begin:


Create a new Xcode project:

Cocoa CreateProject.png


Select an iOS application. For this tutorial's purposes, we will use a Single View Application:

IOS SingleView.png


Name the project, select Objective-C as the language, and choose which devices will be supported:

IOS NameProject objc.png


Now that your project is created, you need to add references to the Phidget iOS libraries. This is covered in detail above in the use our examples section.

After you have linked the Phidget iOS libraries, simply add a reference to phidget22.h in your header file:

#import "phidget22.h"


Success! The project now has access to Phidgets and we are ready to begin coding.

Write Code

By following the instructions for your operating system and compiler above, you now have working examples and a project that is configured. This teaching section will help you understand how the examples were written so you can start writing your own code.


Remember: your main reference for writing {{{1}}} code will be the Phidget22 API Manual and the example code.

Step One: Initialize and Open

You will need to declare your Phidget variable in your code. For example, we can declare a Phidget Digital Output like this:

PhidgetDigitalInput ch;

The object name for any Phidget is listed in the Phidget22 API manual. Every type of Phidget also inherits functionality from the Phidget base class.


Next, the Phidget object needs to be initialized and opened.

PhidgetDigitalInput_create(&ch);
Phidget_open((PhidgetHandle)ch);

Step Two: Wait for attachment of the Phidget

Simply calling open does not guarantee you can use the Phidget immediately. To use a Phidget, it must be plugged in (attached). We can handle this by using event driven programming and tracking the attach events and detach events. Alternatively, we can call the following function:

PhidgetDigitalInput_create(&ch);
Phidget_openWaitForAttachment(ch, 5000); //wait for attach for 5 seconds, if not time out

Waiting for attachment will block indefinitely until a connection is made, or until the timeout value is exceeded.


To use events to handle attachments, we have to modify our code slightly:

PhidgetDigitalInput_create(&ch);
Phidget_setOnAttachHandler((PhidgetHandle)ch,gotAttach,(__bridge void*)self);
Phidget_open((PhidgetHandle)ch);

Next, we have to declare the function that will be called when an attach event is fired - in this case the function gotAttach will be called:

static void gotAttach(PhidgetHandle phid, void *context){
    [(__bridge id)context performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(deviceAttached)
                                           withObject:nil
                                        waitUntilDone:NO];
}

Step Three: Do things with the Phidget

We recommend the use of event driven programming when working with Phidgets. In a similar way to handling an attach event as described above, we can add an event handler with the following code:

PhidgetDigitalInput_setOnStateChangeHandler(ch, gotStateChange, (__bridge void*)self);

This code will connect a function and an event. In this case, the gotStateChange function will be called when there has been a change to the devices input. Next, we need to create the gotStateChange function.

void gotStateChange(PhidgetDigitalInputHandle phid, void *context, int state){
        [(__bridge id)context performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(onStateChangeHandler:)
                                               withObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:state]
                                            waitUntilDone:NO];
}

Above, the onStateChangeHandler method is invoked on the main thread. Event data is stored as an NSNumber.

The method onStateChangeHandler is defined as follows:

- (void)onStateChangeHandler:(NSNumber *)state{
    if(state.intValue == 1){
        stateTextField.stringValue = @"True";
    }
    else{
        stateTextField.stringValue = @"False";
    }
}

The example shown above simply changes the text of a UITextField to display whether the input is true or false.


If events do not suit your needs, you can also poll the device directly for data using code like this:

int state;
PhidgetDigitalInput_getState(ch, &state);
stateTextField.stringValue = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", state ? @"True" : @"False"];

Step Four: Close and Delete

At the end of your program, don't forget to close your device.

Phidget_close((PhidgetHandle)ch);
PhidgetDigitalInput_delete(&ch);

Further Reading

Phidget Programming Basics - Here you can find the basic concepts to help you get started with making your own programs that use Phidgets.

Data Interval/Change Trigger - Learn about these two properties that control how much data comes in from your sensors.

Using Multiple Phidgets - It can be difficult to figure out how to use more than one Phidget in your program. This page will guide you through the steps.

Polling vs. Events - Your program can gather data in either a polling-driven or event-driven manner. Learn the difference to determine which is best for your application.

Logging, Exceptions, and Errors - Learn about all the tools you can use to debug your program.

Phidget Network Server - Phidgets can be controlled and communicated with over your network- either wirelessly or over ethernet.